U+2147\mathbb{e}ⅇ<mi>ⅇ</mi>Semantic identity and intent
Characters to distinguish
- ⅈ — Double-Struck Italic i
- π — Pi
Use ⅇ in the right format
Meaning and usage
Can represent Euler's number in typographic systems that distinguish constants from variables.
Use it consistently with the mathematical style of the surrounding document.
Pronunciation: double-struck italic e
Formula examples
e^{i\pi}+1=0How to type Double-Struck Italic e
- Windows
- Use Character Map and search for Double-Struck Italic e, or paste the Unicode character (U+2147).
- macOS
- Open Character Viewer with Control–Command–Space and search for Double-Struck Italic e.
- Microsoft Word
- In an equation, type \mathbb{e} and press Space when Word supports the command; otherwise insert the Unicode character.
- iPhone and iPad
- Copy and paste ⅇ, or use a math/LaTeX app. The standard iOS keyboard may not expose every mathematical symbol.
- Android
- Copy and paste ⅇ, or use a math keyboard or LaTeX editor. Keyboard layouts vary by device and app.
- Google Docs
- For plain text, paste ⅇ or use Insert → Special characters. For structured math, use the equation editor and verify \mathbb{e}.
- Excel
- Paste ⅇ into a cell or use Insert → Symbol when available. Ordinary cells preserve the character but do not interpret LaTeX commands.
Common mistakes
- Do not substitute a visually similar Latin or differently styled character for ⅇ; case and mathematical alphabet style can identify different quantities.
- For plain text, copy ⅇ as U+2147; for structured equations, use \mathbb{e} in math mode. A look-alike glyph or image can break search, accessibility, or parsing when the intended character is Double-Struck Italic e.
When to use ⅇ
- Use ⅇ in plain text when a Unicode character is appropriate and the destination preserves U+2147.
- Use \mathbb{e} in an equation editor when mathematical spacing or structure matters.
- Define the local meaning when Double-Struck Italic e is used in constants, math alphanumeric with a field-specific convention.
Look-alikes and related characters
- ⅈ — Double-Struck Italic i
- π — Pi
Font and compatibility notes
Font coverage varies; verify the code point and destination rendering before publication.
Continue the workflow
From Double-Struck Italic e to a finished equation
- Copy the characterUse ⅇ in plain text when Unicode is accepted.
- Choose a structured formatUse
\mathbb{e}for LaTeX or the MathML snippet for accessible web equations. - Edit or convertOpen the value in the editor or converter without retyping it.
Review and source notes
Quality tier: catalog
Last reviewed: 2026-07-23
Review method: Catalog review of character identity and notation mappings.
Verified against: Unicode Standard, Unicode mathematical notation guidance, and established LaTeX/MathML syntax.
Reference sources
- The Unicode StandardUnicode Consortium — Character identity, encoding, names, and conformance.
- Unicode Character Code ChartsUnicode Consortium — Code points and official character charts.
Frequently asked questions
What does the Double-Struck Italic e symbol mean?
Can represent Euler's number in typographic systems that distinguish constants from variables.
What is the LaTeX command for ⅇ?
Use \mathbb{e} in a compatible math environment.
Can I copy ⅇ as Unicode?
Yes. Use the copy button above to copy the Unicode character directly.