Compare the possible meanings
| Notation | Typical meaning | How to identify it |
|---|---|---|
− | Unicode minus sign | Typeset mathematics |
- | Hyphen-minus | Keyboard input and code |
– | En dash | Ranges in prose |
— | Em dash | Punctuation |
Examples
- −5 uses a mathematical minus sign.
- Most LaTeX source uses -5 and renders the correct operator.
- Pages 5–8 use an en dash, not a minus sign.
How to decide
Use the destination's equation system for math; use U+2212 in standalone polished Unicode mathematics when supported.
How to verify the interpretation
Inspect the code point and test copy, search, and screen-reader output.