Linear Algebra Symbols: Symbols, Meanings, LaTeX and Unicode

Linear algebra notation compresses operations on vectors and matrices. Check whether a source uses bold letters, arrows, or indexed components.

Symbol	Name and semantic role	LaTeX	Unicode	Action
⋅	Dot OperatorAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\cdot`	`U+22C5`

Symbol

Name and semantic role

LaTeX

Unicode

Action

⋅

Dot OperatorAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.

\cdot

U+22C5

Symbol	Name and semantic role	LaTeX	Unicode
⊙	Circled Dot OperatorAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\odot`	`U+2299`
⃗	Combining Vector ArrowA combining or accent mark that modifies the mathematical object beneath or beside it.	`\vec{}`	`U+20D7`
×	Cross ProductAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\times`	`U+00D7`
⊕	Direct SumAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\oplus`	`U+2295`
⋱	Down Right Diagonal EllipsisAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\ddots`	`U+22F1`
⊕	Exclusive OrAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\oplus`	`U+2295`
⋯	Horizontal EllipsisAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\cdots`	`U+22EF`
↦	Maps ToAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\mapsto`	`U+21A6`
⊠	Squared Times OperatorAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\boxtimes`	`U+22A0`
⊗	Tensor ProductAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\otimes`	`U+2297`
⋰	Up Right Diagonal EllipsisAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\iddots`	`U+22F0`
⋮	Vertical EllipsisAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\vdots`	`U+22EE`

Symbol

Name and semantic role

LaTeX

Unicode

Action

⊙

Circled Dot OperatorAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.

\odot

U+2299

⃗

Combining Vector ArrowA combining or accent mark that modifies the mathematical object beneath or beside it.

\vec{}

U+20D7

Cross ProductAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.

\times

U+00D7

⊕

Direct SumAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.

\oplus

U+2295

⋱

Down Right Diagonal EllipsisAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.

\ddots

U+22F1

⊕

Exclusive OrAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.

\oplus

U+2295

⋯

Horizontal EllipsisAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.

\cdots

U+22EF

↦

Maps ToAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.

\mapsto

U+21A6

⊠

Squared Times OperatorAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.

\boxtimes

U+22A0

⊗

Tensor ProductAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.

\otimes

U+2297

⋰

Up Right Diagonal EllipsisAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.

\iddots

U+22F0

⋮

Vertical EllipsisAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.

\vdots

U+22EE

Verified notation examples

⋅\mathbf a \cdot \mathbf b

Frequently asked questions

How do I copy a linear algebra symbols symbol?

Use the Copy button in the table, then verify the Unicode code point if the destination can substitute look-alike characters.

When should I use LaTeX or MathML instead?

Use LaTeX for editable equations and MathML for semantic web mathematics. Plain Unicode is best for short text where the destination preserves the exact code point.