Optimization Symbols: Symbols, Meanings, LaTeX and Unicode

Optimization notation makes the objective, feasible region, ordering, constraints, and solution concept explicit.

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16 reviewed symbols

Symbol	Name and semantic role	LaTeX	Unicode
≐	Approaches the LimitAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\doteq`	`U+2250`
≬	Between RelationAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\between`	`U+226C`
≏	Bump EqualsAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\bumpeq`	`U+224F`
≎	Bumpy EqualsAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\Bumpeq`	`U+224E`
⊀	Does Not PrecedeAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\nprec`	`U+2280`
⊁	Does Not SucceedAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\nsucc`	`U+2281`
≙	EstimatesAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\wedgeq`	`U+2259`
≂	Minus Tilde RelationA combining or accent mark that modifies the mathematical object beneath or beside it.	`\eqsim`	`U+2242`
≇	Not Congruent ToAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\ncong`	`U+2247`
≯	Not Greater ThanAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\ngtr`	`U+226F`
≮	Not Less ThanAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\nless`	`U+226E`
≌	Reverse CongruenceAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\backcong`	`U+224C`
≖	Ring in Equal ToAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\eqcirc`	`U+2256`
⊏	Square Image OfAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\sqsubset`	`U+228F`
⊐	Square Original OfAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\sqsupset`	`U+2290`
≛	Star EqualsAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\stareq`	`U+225B`

Browse 27 supporting optimization symbols symbols

Symbol	Name and semantic role	LaTeX	Unicode
≊	Almost Equal or Equal ToAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\approxeq`	`U+224A`
≒	Approximately Equal with Falling DotsAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\fallingdotseq`	`U+2252`
≓	Approximately Equal with Rising DotsAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\risingdotseq`	`U+2253`
arg max	Arg MaxAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\operatorname*{arg\,max}`	`U+0061 + U+0072 + U+0067 + U+0020 + U+006D + U+0061 + U+0078`
arg min	Arg MinAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\operatorname*{arg\,min}`	`U+0061 + U+0072 + U+0067 + U+0020 + U+006D + U+0069 + U+006E`
≍	Equivalent or Asymptotic ToAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\asymp`	`U+224D`
≑	Geometrically Equal ToAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\Doteq`	`U+2251`
≩	Greater Than but Not Equal ToAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\gneqq`	`U+2269`
≷	Greater Than or Less ThanAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\gtrless`	`U+2277`
≳	Greater Than or Similar ToAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\gtrsim`	`U+2273`
≧	Greater Than over Equal ToAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\geqq`	`U+2267`
≨	Less Than but Not Equal ToAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\lneqq`	`U+2268`
≶	Less Than or Greater ThanAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\lessgtr`	`U+2276`
≲	Less Than or Similar ToAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\lesssim`	`U+2272`
≦	Less Than over Equal ToAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\leqq`	`U+2266`
≱	Neither Greater Than nor Equal ToAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\ngeq`	`U+2271`
≹	Neither Greater Than nor Less ThanAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\not\gtrless`	`U+2279`
≵	Neither Greater Than nor Similar ToAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\ngtrsim`	`U+2275`
≰	Neither Less Than nor Equal ToAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\nleq`	`U+2270`
≸	Neither Less Than nor Greater ThanAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\not\lessgtr`	`U+2278`
≴	Neither Less Than nor Similar ToAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\nlesssim`	`U+2274`
≉	Not Approximately Equal ToAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\napprox`	`U+2249`
≄	Not Asymptotically Equal ToAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\nsimeq`	`U+2244`
≭	Not Equivalent or Asymptotic ToAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\not\asymp`	`U+226D`
x⋆	Optimal Value x StarAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`x^\star`	`U+0078 + U+22C6`
⊑	Square Image Of or Equal ToAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\sqsubseteq`	`U+2291`
⊒	Square Original Of or Equal ToAn operator, relation, connective, or notation mark whose meaning depends on its operands and context.	`\sqsupseteq`	`U+2292`

Verified notation examples

≐

≐ is used in a context where expresses the mathematical relation “approaches the limit” between two objects or quantities.

≬

≬ is used in a context where expresses the mathematical relation “between relation” between two objects or quantities.

≏≏ is used in a context where expresses the mathematical relation “bump equals” between two objects or quantities.

≎≎ is used in a context where expresses the mathematical relation “bumpy equals” between two objects or quantities.

⊀

⊀ is used in a context where expresses the mathematical relation “does not precede” between two objects or quantities.

⊁

⊁ is used in a context where expresses the mathematical relation “does not succeed” between two objects or quantities.

Frequently asked questions

How do I copy a optimization symbols symbol?

Use the Copy button in the table, then verify the Unicode code point if the destination can substitute look-alike characters.

When should I use LaTeX or MathML instead?

Use LaTeX for editable equations and MathML for semantic web mathematics. Plain Unicode is best for short text where the destination preserves the exact code point.